The Ijon System And Strategies For Empowering Farming Communities In Kaibobo Village, West Seram District West Seram Regency
Keywords:
Keywords: Ijon System, Community Empowerment, Farmers of Kaibobo Village
Abstract
Abstract
The ijon system is a form of pre-harvest sale and purchase of agricultural products that remains widespread in rural areas, including in Kaibobo Village, West Seram Subdistrict, West Seram Regency. Farmers generally engage in this practice due to urgent economic needs, limited access to capital, and their weak bargaining position within the agricultural marketing system. This study aims to: (1) examine the factors that lead farmers to participate in the ijon system and (2) formulate strategies to empower farming communities to reduce their dependence on the ijon system. The research was conducted in September 2025 in Kaibobo Village using a qualitative descriptive research method, employing a census technique to survey 83 farming households involved in the ijon system. Data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation, and were subsequently analyzed using qualitative descriptive methods. The results indicate that the primary factors driving farmers’ participation in the ijon system are social conditions within the community, long-standing traditions, farmers’ dependence on middlemen, and the farmers’ persistently low standard of living.
Empowerment strategies must be implemented to reduce farmers’ dependence on the ijon system, including strengthening farmers’ economic institutions, providing access to village-based microfinance, diversifying farmers’ household income sources, improving access to markets and price information, and developing locally-based empowerment models for island farmers.
Keywords: Ijon System, Community Empowerment, Farmers of Kaibobo Village
References
REFERENCES
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Arumandani, Sekar M. Aris Safi'i, Hendri Hermawan Adinugraha, 2024. Ijon Yang Tak Lekang Oleh Waktu Alasan Sistem Ini Masih Menjadi Tradisi Petani Padi. AGRICORE (Jurnal Agribisnis dan Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian UNPAD), E-ISSN No. 2615-7411, Vol. 9 No. 2 2024, 117-126.
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Batliwala, S. 2007. Taking the Power out of Empowerment. Sage Publications.
Berkes, F., & Folke, C. (1998). Linking Social and Ecological Systems. Cambridge University Press. Cambrige.
Bernstein, Henry. 2010. Class Dynamics of Agrarian Change. Fernwood Publishing. Halifax & Winnipeg
Chambers, R. (1997). Whose Reality Counts? Putting the First Last. Intermediate Technology Publications.
Christens, B. 2013. Community Empowerment and Participation. Oxford University Press. New York.
Djogo, T., Sunaryo, Suharjito, D., & Sirait, M. (2003). Kelembagaan dan Kebijakan dalam Pengembangan Agroforestri. World Agroforestry Centre.
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Mubyarto. (2002). Pengantar Ekonomi Pertanian. LP3ES.
OECD. (2020). OECD/INFE 2020 International Survey of Adult Financial Literacy.
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Pangemanan, S., Kaunang, R., & Timban, J. F. J. (2018). Sistem Ijon pada Usaha Tani Cengkeh di Desa Raanan Baru Kecamatan Motoling Barat Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan. Jurnal Agri-Sosio Ekonomi Unsrat, ISSN 1907– 4298, Vol 14 No 1 Januari 2018, 175-186.
Porter, M. (2013). Community Empowerment Strategies. Harvard University Press.
Pretty, J. N. (1995). Participatory Learning for Sustainable Agriculture. World Development, 23(8), 1247–1263.
Rustiadi, E., Saefulhakim, S., & Panuju, D. (2011). Perencanaan dan Pengembangan Wilayah. Crestpent Press.
Scott, J. C. (1976). The Moral Economy of the Peasant. Yale University Press.
Sedai, A., et al. (2020). Community Empowerment Approaches. Routledge.
Soekartawi, 2002. Prinsip Dasar Ekonomi Pertanian: Teori dan Aplikasi. PT Raja Grafindo Persada. Jakarta.
Sondakh, M. (2014). Sosiologi Ekonomi Pedesaan. Unsrat Press.
Sugiyono. (2008). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Sukirno, S. (2022). Makroekonomi Teori Pengantar. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Syahyuti. (2007). Kebijakan Pengembangan Gabungan Kelompok Tani. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, 5(1), 15–35.
Tasane, B. E. (2022). Sistem Ijon Tanaman Cengkeh di Desa Leksula Kabupaten Buru Selatan Provinsi Maluku. Skripsi. Universitas Pattimura.
Teriola Etha Wulandari, Wardis Girsang, Noviar F. Wenno, 2018. Strategi Nafkah Dan Kemiskinan Di Kepulauan Tanimbar (Studi Kasus Rumah Tangga Petani Di Desa Lelingluan Kecamatan Tanimbar Utara Kabupaten Kepulauan Tanimbar). Livelihood Strategies and Poverty in The Tanimbar Island (Case Study of Farmer Households in The Vilage Lelingluan North Tanimbarese Districttanimbar Island Regency. AGRILAN (Jurnal Agribisnis Kepulauan), Volume 6 No. 2 Juni 2018, 199-211.
Todaro, M. P., & Smith, S. C. (2003). Economic Development. Addison Wesley.
Uphoff, N. (1992). Local Institutions and Participation for Sustainable Development. International Institute for Environment and Development.
Wigati, S., & Fitrianto, A. R. (2013). Pendekatan Sustainable Livelihood Framework dalam Rangka Membongkar Dominasi Tengkulak Melalui Kegiatan Keagamaan. Jurnal Dakwah.
World Bank. (2019). Harvesting Prosperity: Technology and Productivity Growth in Agriculture. World Bank.
Yip, K. S. (2004). Empowerment in Social Work Practice. City University Pr
Al-Ghazali. 2005. Ihya’ Ulum al-Din. Republika Penerbit. Jakarta
Anantanyu, S. (2011). Kelembagaan Petani: Peran dan Strategi Pengembangannya. Jurnal SEPA, 7(2), 102–109.
Arumandani, Sekar M. Aris Safi'i, Hendri Hermawan Adinugraha, 2024. Ijon Yang Tak Lekang Oleh Waktu Alasan Sistem Ini Masih Menjadi Tradisi Petani Padi. AGRICORE (Jurnal Agribisnis dan Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian UNPAD), E-ISSN No. 2615-7411, Vol. 9 No. 2 2024, 117-126.
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2024). Profil Kemiskinan Provinsi Maluku 2024. BPS. Ambon.
Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat. (2025). Statistik Kesejahteraan Rakyat Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat 2025 (Data Susenas Maret 2024). BPS SBB.
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2025). Garis Kemiskinan Menurut Kabupaten/Kota (Rupiah/Kapita/Bulan) 2025. BPS. Jakarta.
Barrett, C. B., Reardon, T., & Webb, P. (2001). Nonfarm Income Diversification And Household Livelihood Strategies In Rural Africa. Food Policy, 26(4), 315–331.
Batliwala, S. 2007. Taking the Power out of Empowerment. Sage Publications.
Berkes, F., & Folke, C. (1998). Linking Social and Ecological Systems. Cambridge University Press. Cambrige.
Bernstein, Henry. 2010. Class Dynamics of Agrarian Change. Fernwood Publishing. Halifax & Winnipeg
Chambers, R. (1997). Whose Reality Counts? Putting the First Last. Intermediate Technology Publications.
Christens, B. 2013. Community Empowerment and Participation. Oxford University Press. New York.
Djogo, T., Sunaryo, Suharjito, D., & Sirait, M. (2003). Kelembagaan dan Kebijakan dalam Pengembangan Agroforestri. World Agroforestry Centre.
Ellis, F. (2000). Rural Livelihoods and Diversity in Developing Countries. Oxford University Press.
FAO. (2018). Smallholder Livestock Production and Rural Livelihoods. Food and Agriculture Organization.
Girsang, W. (2020). Pembangunan Pertanian Kepulauan dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil. Universitas Pattimura. Ambon.
Gray, M. 2020. Social Development and Community Practice. Routledge.
Hasan, N. (2017). Makna dan Fungsi Tradisi Samman. IBDA': Jurnal Kajian Islam dan Budaya.
Hasyim. (2017). Kemiskinan dan Pembangunan. Rajawali Press.
Hasriliandi Halim, Bahaking Rama, Ilham Muchtar (2026). Praktik Ijon dalam Komoditas Pertanian: Analisis dan Solusi Berdasarkan Perspektif Fikih Muamalah. JIEI (Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam), Vol. 12 No. 4 (2026), ISSN: 2477-6157, E-ISSN: 2579-6534, 97-110.
Hayami, Y., & Kikuchi, M. (1987). Dilemmas of Rural Poverty. University of Tokyo Press. Tokyo
Imaniar, A., & Brata, N. T. (2020). Relasi Patron-Klien di antara Tengkulak dan Petani Salak dengan Dampak Sosialnya di Banjarnegara. Solidarity: Journal of Education, Society and Culture.
Kementerian Desa PDTT. (2023). Pedoman Pengembangan Ekonomi Desa Berbasis Dana Desa. Jakarta.
Khalida, R., & Sjaf, S. (2021). Hubungan Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi dengan Persepsi Terhadap Karakteristik Sociopreneur. Jurnal Sains Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Masyarakat.
Khoironia Dwi Aprilia Rahayu, Harun Alrasyid, Ahsani Taqwiem, 2025. Analisis Praktik Jual Beli Hasil Padi Melalui Sistem Ijon Perspektif Ekonomi Islam (Studi Kasus Di Desa Jombok, Kecamatan Ngoro, Kabupaten Jombang). Jurnal Warta Ekonomi. Vol. 8 No. 1, Tahun 2025. E-ISSN: 1829-8567, 73-90.
Kusnadi, F. A. (2022). Tinjauan Hukum dan Ekonomi Islam terhadap Jual Beli Hasil Panen Secara Ijon. Jurnal Riset Ilmu Hukum, 12–17. https://doi.org/10.29313/jrih.v2i1.654.
Kusumah, D., & Nuryanti, S. (2019). Faktor Pendorong Petani Melakukan Praktik Ijon. Jurnal Agribisnis dan Ekonomi Pertanian.
Ledgerwood, J. (2013). The New Microfinance Handbook. World Bank.
Mubyarto. (2002). Pengantar Ekonomi Pertanian. LP3ES.
OECD. (2020). OECD/INFE 2020 International Survey of Adult Financial Literacy.
Ostrom, E. (1990). Governing the Commons. Cambridge University Press.
Pangemanan, S., Kaunang, R., & Timban, J. F. J. (2018). Sistem Ijon pada Usaha Tani Cengkeh di Desa Raanan Baru Kecamatan Motoling Barat Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan. Jurnal Agri-Sosio Ekonomi Unsrat, ISSN 1907– 4298, Vol 14 No 1 Januari 2018, 175-186.
Porter, M. (2013). Community Empowerment Strategies. Harvard University Press.
Pretty, J. N. (1995). Participatory Learning for Sustainable Agriculture. World Development, 23(8), 1247–1263.
Rustiadi, E., Saefulhakim, S., & Panuju, D. (2011). Perencanaan dan Pengembangan Wilayah. Crestpent Press.
Scott, J. C. (1976). The Moral Economy of the Peasant. Yale University Press.
Sedai, A., et al. (2020). Community Empowerment Approaches. Routledge.
Soekartawi, 2002. Prinsip Dasar Ekonomi Pertanian: Teori dan Aplikasi. PT Raja Grafindo Persada. Jakarta.
Sondakh, M. (2014). Sosiologi Ekonomi Pedesaan. Unsrat Press.
Sugiyono. (2008). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Sukirno, S. (2022). Makroekonomi Teori Pengantar. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Syahyuti. (2007). Kebijakan Pengembangan Gabungan Kelompok Tani. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, 5(1), 15–35.
Tasane, B. E. (2022). Sistem Ijon Tanaman Cengkeh di Desa Leksula Kabupaten Buru Selatan Provinsi Maluku. Skripsi. Universitas Pattimura.
Teriola Etha Wulandari, Wardis Girsang, Noviar F. Wenno, 2018. Strategi Nafkah Dan Kemiskinan Di Kepulauan Tanimbar (Studi Kasus Rumah Tangga Petani Di Desa Lelingluan Kecamatan Tanimbar Utara Kabupaten Kepulauan Tanimbar). Livelihood Strategies and Poverty in The Tanimbar Island (Case Study of Farmer Households in The Vilage Lelingluan North Tanimbarese Districttanimbar Island Regency. AGRILAN (Jurnal Agribisnis Kepulauan), Volume 6 No. 2 Juni 2018, 199-211.
Todaro, M. P., & Smith, S. C. (2003). Economic Development. Addison Wesley.
Uphoff, N. (1992). Local Institutions and Participation for Sustainable Development. International Institute for Environment and Development.
Wigati, S., & Fitrianto, A. R. (2013). Pendekatan Sustainable Livelihood Framework dalam Rangka Membongkar Dominasi Tengkulak Melalui Kegiatan Keagamaan. Jurnal Dakwah.
World Bank. (2019). Harvesting Prosperity: Technology and Productivity Growth in Agriculture. World Bank.
Yip, K. S. (2004). Empowerment in Social Work Practice. City University Pr
Published
2026-09-04
How to Cite
Kakisina, T., Jeter Donald Siwalette, & Noviar Flasiana Wenno. (2026). The Ijon System And Strategies For Empowering Farming Communities In Kaibobo Village, West Seram District West Seram Regency. International Journal of Education, Vocational and Social Science , 5(04), 93-107. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijevss.v5i04.6349
Contact Person +6282139474255
Email : ijevss@citakonsultindo.or.id / editor.ijevss@gmail.com
