Systematic Journal Review: Efektifitas Edukasi Diet Dash melalui Vidio Animasi berbasis Whatsapp terhadap Kepatuhan Diet pada Pasien Hipertensi
Keywords:
Diet DASH; Edukasi Digital; Hipertensi; Kepatuhan Diet; WhatsApp
Abstract
Hipertensi masih menjadi salah satu penyakit tidak menular dengan prevalensi tinggi di dunia sehingga memerlukan strategi pengendalian yang efektif melalui perubahan gaya hidup, termasuk penerapan diet Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH). Pemanfaatan video animasi berbasis WhatsApp sebagai media edukasi kesehatan berkembang pesat, namun bukti ilmiah mengenai efektivitasnya terhadap kepatuhan diet DASH belum tersintesis secara komprehensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bukti ilmiah mengenai efektivitas edukasi diet DASH melalui video animasi berbasis WhatsApp dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan diet pada pasien hipertensi. Penelitian menggunakan metode Systematic Journal Review (SJR) dengan mengikuti pedoman Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan pada basis data Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar terhadap artikel yang dipublikasikan pada periode 2020–2026 sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang telah ditetapkan. Sebanyak 420 artikel berhasil diidentifikasi, kemudian melalui proses seleksi diperoleh 10 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria untuk dianalisis. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa edukasi diet DASH melalui video animasi berbasis WhatsApp secara konsisten meningkatkan kepatuhan diet, self-care, self-efficacy, serta pengetahuan pasien mengenai hipertensi. Intervensi tersebut juga berkontribusi terhadap penurunan tekanan darah dan perbaikan berbagai indikator klinis melalui peningkatan kepatuhan terhadap pola makan DASH. Selain itu, media digital berbasis WhatsApp dinilai mudah diakses, fleksibel, ekonomis, serta berpotensi diterapkan pada berbagai fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan, termasuk wilayah dengan keterbatasan sumber daya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa edukasi diet DASH melalui video animasi berbasis WhatsApp merupakan strategi edukasi kesehatan digital yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan diet pasien hipertensi dan layak dikembangkan sebagai pendekatan berbasis bukti dalam pengendalian hipertensi.
References
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Azarian, M., Yu, H., Shiferaw, A. T., & Stevik, T. K. (2023). Do we perform systematic literature review right? A scientific mapping and methodological assessment. Logistics, 7(4), Article 89. https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics7040089
Bozorgi, A., Hosseini, S. R. N., Effatpanah, M., Hoseini, S. J., & Rastegarpanah, M. (2021). The effect of the mobile “Blood Pressure Management Application” on blood pressure and self-management in patients with hypertension: A randomized controlled trial. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 9(5), e27347. https://doi.org/10.2196/27347
Budiarti, G. A. K., Susanty, S., Madjid, R., & Tosepu, R. (2024). Video animation: Improving older adults patients knowledge and motivation related to hypertension diet. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 27(1), 45–53. https://doi.org/10.7454/jki.v27i1.1475
Chou, T. Y., Lin, J. S., Huang, C. H., & Chen, Y. C. (2022). Adherence to the dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet and risk of hypertension. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9, Article 1015290. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.1015290
Couch, S. C., Saelens, B. E., Levin, L., Dart, K., Falciglia, G., & Daniels, S. R. (2021). Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension dietary intervention improves blood pressure and vascular health in youth with elevated blood pressure: A randomized clinical trial. Hypertension, 77(1), 241–251. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.16156
Darabi, F., Yaseri, M., & Shakibazadeh, E. (2024). Video-based mobile app for DASH recommendations in hypertension: A randomized controlled trial. Jundishapur Journal of Chronic Disease Care, 13(2), e14285. https://doi.org/10.5812/jjcdc-14285
Dodge, E., Miller, H. N., Himmelfarb, C. R., & Allen, J. K. (2025). Digital-based nutrition interventions employing the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet: A systematic scoping review. International Journal of Hypertension, 2025, Article 6175223. https://doi.org/10.1155/ijhy/6175223
Favaretti, C., Patel, V., Kumar, S., & Rao, M. (2024). Effectiveness of WhatsApp based debunking reminders on follow-up visit attendance for individuals with hypertension: A randomized controlled trial in India. BMC Public Health, 24(1), Article 2441. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-19894-9
Guo, R., Zhang, L., Su, Y., & Wang, H. (2021). Effects of the modified DASH diet on adults with elevated blood pressure or hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Nutrition, 8, Article 725020. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.725020
Hayati, R., & Mahmudah, H. I. (2025). Pengaruh video animasi diet DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension) terhadap pengetahuan pada masyarakat Kelurahan Sungai Besar Kota Banjarbaru tahun 2025. Health Research Journal of Indonesia, 3(1), 12–20. https://doi.org/10.55642/hrji.v3i1.840
Isnaini, N. (2025). Blood pressure impact of dietary practices using the DASH method: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Hypertension, 31(1), Article e12. https://doi.org/10.5646/ch.2025.31.e12
Jaffar, R., Fatima, M., Qureshi, A., & Ahmad, S. (2026). WhatsApp and YouTube as platforms for facilitating lifestyle modifications among individuals with hypertension in a low-income urban community. BMJ Public Health, 4(1), e002738. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2024-002738
Kario, K., Okura, A., Hoshide, S., & Mogi, M. (2024). The WHO Global report 2023 on hypertension warning the emerging hypertension burden in globe and its treatment strategy. Hypertension Research, 47(4), 1099–1102. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41440-024-01622-w
Katz, M. E., Greene, E. J., & Patel, M. S. (2024). Digital health interventions for hypertension management. JAMA Network Open, 7(2), e2815070. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.15070
Kolaski, K., Logan, L. R., & Ioannidis, J. P. A. (2023). Guidance to best tools and practices for systematic reviews. Systematic Reviews, 12(1), Article 96. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-023-02255-9
Miller, H. N., Charleston, J., Wu, B., & Appel, L. J. (2021). The Nourish Protocol: A digital health randomized controlled trial to promote the DASH eating pattern among adults with hypertension. Contemporary Clinical Trials, 110, Article 106571. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2021.106571
Onwuzo, C., Okpokowuruk, C., & Eke, C. (2023). DASH diet: A review of its efficacy in hypertension management. Cureus, 15(9), e44721. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.44721
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., ... Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, Article n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
Rahayu, F. S. (2022). Efektivitas media poster dan media video animasi terhadap tingkat pengetahuan remaja mengenai hipertensi. Jurnal Kesehatan, 11(1), 101–108. https://doi.org/10.35913/jk.v11i1.203
Schrauwen, E., Westerterp, K., & Breda, E. (2024). Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) trial diet. Maastricht University Research Repository. https://doi.org/10.26481/dis.2024.schrauwen
Shamita, A., Kurniasari, R., & Andriani, E. (2025). Efektivitas media leaflet, video animasi, dan games kartu dengan pengetahuan dan sikap mengenai hipertensi di Rengasdengklok. Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan, 4(1), 215–224. https://doi.org/10.55606/klinik.v4i1.4738
Taherdoost, H. (2023). Towards nuts and bolts of conducting literature review: A typology of literature review. Electronics, 12(4), Article 800. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12040800
Theodoridis, X., Chourdakis, M., Chrysoula, L., Chroni, V., Tirodimos, I., Dipla, K., Gkaliagkousi, E., & Triantafyllou, A. (2023a). Adherence to the DASH diet and risk of hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients, 15(14), Article 3261. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15143261
Theodoridis, X., Chourdakis, M., Chrysoula, L., Chroni, V., Tirodimos, I., Dipla, K., Gkaliagkousi, E., & Triantafyllou, A. (2023b). Impact of the level of adherence to the DASH diet on blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Metabolites, 13(8), Article 924. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13080924
Wahidin, M., Rahajeng, E., & Saraswati, L. D. (2025). Gambaran prevalensi hipertensi dan faktor risiko utama di Indonesia. Amerta Nutrition, 9(1), 88–96. https://doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v9i1.2025.88-96
Wei, X., Takzare, A., & Rezapour-Nasrabad, R. (2026). The effect of dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet on cardiometabolic and atherogenic indices in subjects with metabolic syndrome: A randomized clinical trial. BMC Endocrine Disorders, 26(1), Article 2207. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-026-02207-z
Akhyar, Z. K., Styawan, A. A., & Ghozali, M. T. (2025). A smart mobile health intervention: Improving hypertension self-management through WhatsApp-delivered video education. BIO Web of Conferences, 203, Article 03029. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202520303029
Alnooh, G., Alshehri, D., de Witte, L., & Hawley, M. S. (2022). The use of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) mobile apps for supporting self-management of hypertension: Systematic review. JMIR Cardio, 6(2), e35876. https://doi.org/10.2196/35876
Antia, S. E., Ugwu, C. N., Ghodka, V., Chori, B. S., Nazir, M. S., Odili, C. A., Isiguzo, G. C., Vasireddy, S., & Odili, A. N. (2025). Healthy Heart Assistant, a WhatsApp-based generative pretrained transformer technology, for self-care in hypertensive patients. Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Digital Health, 3(3), 100243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcpdig.2025.100243
Azarian, M., Yu, H., Shiferaw, A. T., & Stevik, T. K. (2023). Do we perform systematic literature review right? A scientific mapping and methodological assessment. Logistics, 7(4), Article 89. https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics7040089
Bozorgi, A., Hosseini, S. R. N., Effatpanah, M., Hoseini, S. J., & Rastegarpanah, M. (2021). The effect of the mobile “Blood Pressure Management Application” on blood pressure and self-management in patients with hypertension: A randomized controlled trial. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 9(5), e27347. https://doi.org/10.2196/27347
Budiarti, G. A. K., Susanty, S., Madjid, R., & Tosepu, R. (2024). Video animation: Improving older adults patients knowledge and motivation related to hypertension diet. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 27(1), 45–53. https://doi.org/10.7454/jki.v27i1.1475
Chou, T. Y., Lin, J. S., Huang, C. H., & Chen, Y. C. (2022). Adherence to the dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet and risk of hypertension. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9, Article 1015290. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.1015290
Couch, S. C., Saelens, B. E., Levin, L., Dart, K., Falciglia, G., & Daniels, S. R. (2021). Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension dietary intervention improves blood pressure and vascular health in youth with elevated blood pressure: A randomized clinical trial. Hypertension, 77(1), 241–251. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.16156
Darabi, F., Yaseri, M., & Shakibazadeh, E. (2024). Video-based mobile app for DASH recommendations in hypertension: A randomized controlled trial. Jundishapur Journal of Chronic Disease Care, 13(2), e14285. https://doi.org/10.5812/jjcdc-14285
Dodge, E., Miller, H. N., Himmelfarb, C. R., & Allen, J. K. (2025). Digital-based nutrition interventions employing the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet: A systematic scoping review. International Journal of Hypertension, 2025, Article 6175223. https://doi.org/10.1155/ijhy/6175223
Favaretti, C., Patel, V., Kumar, S., & Rao, M. (2024). Effectiveness of WhatsApp based debunking reminders on follow-up visit attendance for individuals with hypertension: A randomized controlled trial in India. BMC Public Health, 24(1), Article 2441. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-19894-9
Guo, R., Zhang, L., Su, Y., & Wang, H. (2021). Effects of the modified DASH diet on adults with elevated blood pressure or hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Nutrition, 8, Article 725020. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.725020
Hayati, R., & Mahmudah, H. I. (2025). Pengaruh video animasi diet DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension) terhadap pengetahuan pada masyarakat Kelurahan Sungai Besar Kota Banjarbaru tahun 2025. Health Research Journal of Indonesia, 3(1), 12–20. https://doi.org/10.55642/hrji.v3i1.840
Isnaini, N. (2025). Blood pressure impact of dietary practices using the DASH method: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Hypertension, 31(1), Article e12. https://doi.org/10.5646/ch.2025.31.e12
Jaffar, R., Fatima, M., Qureshi, A., & Ahmad, S. (2026). WhatsApp and YouTube as platforms for facilitating lifestyle modifications among individuals with hypertension in a low-income urban community. BMJ Public Health, 4(1), e002738. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2024-002738
Kario, K., Okura, A., Hoshide, S., & Mogi, M. (2024). The WHO Global report 2023 on hypertension warning the emerging hypertension burden in globe and its treatment strategy. Hypertension Research, 47(4), 1099–1102. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41440-024-01622-w
Katz, M. E., Greene, E. J., & Patel, M. S. (2024). Digital health interventions for hypertension management. JAMA Network Open, 7(2), e2815070. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.15070
Kolaski, K., Logan, L. R., & Ioannidis, J. P. A. (2023). Guidance to best tools and practices for systematic reviews. Systematic Reviews, 12(1), Article 96. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-023-02255-9
Miller, H. N., Charleston, J., Wu, B., & Appel, L. J. (2021). The Nourish Protocol: A digital health randomized controlled trial to promote the DASH eating pattern among adults with hypertension. Contemporary Clinical Trials, 110, Article 106571. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2021.106571
Onwuzo, C., Okpokowuruk, C., & Eke, C. (2023). DASH diet: A review of its efficacy in hypertension management. Cureus, 15(9), e44721. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.44721
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., ... Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, Article n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
Rahayu, F. S. (2022). Efektivitas media poster dan media video animasi terhadap tingkat pengetahuan remaja mengenai hipertensi. Jurnal Kesehatan, 11(1), 101–108. https://doi.org/10.35913/jk.v11i1.203
Schrauwen, E., Westerterp, K., & Breda, E. (2024). Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) trial diet. Maastricht University Research Repository. https://doi.org/10.26481/dis.2024.schrauwen
Shamita, A., Kurniasari, R., & Andriani, E. (2025). Efektivitas media leaflet, video animasi, dan games kartu dengan pengetahuan dan sikap mengenai hipertensi di Rengasdengklok. Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan, 4(1), 215–224. https://doi.org/10.55606/klinik.v4i1.4738
Taherdoost, H. (2023). Towards nuts and bolts of conducting literature review: A typology of literature review. Electronics, 12(4), Article 800. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12040800
Theodoridis, X., Chourdakis, M., Chrysoula, L., Chroni, V., Tirodimos, I., Dipla, K., Gkaliagkousi, E., & Triantafyllou, A. (2023a). Adherence to the DASH diet and risk of hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients, 15(14), Article 3261. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15143261
Theodoridis, X., Chourdakis, M., Chrysoula, L., Chroni, V., Tirodimos, I., Dipla, K., Gkaliagkousi, E., & Triantafyllou, A. (2023b). Impact of the level of adherence to the DASH diet on blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Metabolites, 13(8), Article 924. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13080924
Wahidin, M., Rahajeng, E., & Saraswati, L. D. (2025). Gambaran prevalensi hipertensi dan faktor risiko utama di Indonesia. Amerta Nutrition, 9(1), 88–96. https://doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v9i1.2025.88-96
Wei, X., Takzare, A., & Rezapour-Nasrabad, R. (2026). The effect of dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet on cardiometabolic and atherogenic indices in subjects with metabolic syndrome: A randomized clinical trial. BMC Endocrine Disorders, 26(1), Article 2207. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-026-02207-z
Published
2026-09-13
How to Cite
Seby Prasasti Ritaningsih, & Ika Nur Pratiwi. (2026). Systematic Journal Review: Efektifitas Edukasi Diet Dash melalui Vidio Animasi berbasis Whatsapp terhadap Kepatuhan Diet pada Pasien Hipertensi. International Journal of Education, Vocational and Social Science , 5(04), 1099-1119. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijevss.v5i04.5667
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Email : ijevss@citakonsultindo.or.id / editor.ijevss@gmail.com
