Performance Evaluation of the Delft3D-FLOW Hydrodynamic Model for Simulating Tidal Dynamics and Sea Level in the Pekalongan Coastal Area

Khairummin Alfi Syahrin; Avsionesti Avsionesti; Yosafat Doni Haryanto; Adi Mulsadin

doi:10.63922/ijeter.v4i03.6181

Khairummin Alfi Syahrin Meteorology Study Program, Sekolah Tinggi Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika, Indonesia
Avsionesti Avsionesti Meteorology Study Program, Sekolah Tinggi Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika, Indonesia
Yosafat Doni Haryanto Meteorology Study Program, Sekolah Tinggi Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika, Indonesia
Adi Mulsadin Meteorology Study Program, Sekolah Tinggi Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.63922/ijeter.v4i03.6181

Keywords: Deflt3D-Flow, Hydrodynamic Model, Sea Level, Tides

Abstract

Tidal dynamics and sea level variations are important components of coastal hydrodynamic studies, requiring numerical models capable of accurately representing field conditions. This study aims to evaluate the performance of the Delft3D-FLOW hydrodynamic model in simulating tidal dynamics and sea level in the Pekalongan coastal area during the period of 14–31 December 2024. The simulation was conducted using ERA5 atmospheric data, BATNAS bathymetry, and TPXO tidal harmonic data, and was subsequently verified against tidal observation data obtained from the Indonesian Geospatial Information Agency (BIG). Model performance was evaluated through time series analysis, spatial distribution analysis of sea level, and statistical verification using the correlation coefficient (r), coefficient of determination (R²), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Error (MAE). The results indicate that the model successfully reproduced the observed tidal pattern, with an r value of 0.793, an R² value of 0.629, an RMSE of 0.120 m, and an MAE of 0.091 m. The tidal regime in the study area is classified as mixed tide prevailing diurnal, while the spatial distribution reveals tidal propagation from east to west. Although the model slightly underestimated sea level during High Highest Water Level (HHWL) conditions, overall, Delft3D-FLOW demonstrated good performance and is suitable for coastal hydrodynamic analysis and coastal condition assessment in the Pekalongan coastal area.

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