Induction Of In Plantain (Musa acuminata L.) Using The Growth Regulators 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic & BAP (Benzyl Amino Purin)
Keywords:
Gapi Banana, Induction, Callus.
Abstract
Plat propagation through is a method of prodycing new plants by growing unspecified clusters (callus) from small pieces of tissue (explants) such as Gapi banana flowers. This study seeks to determine the appropriate doses of 2,4-D and BAP for callus formation. The study was conducted from September to October 2025 at the Tissue Culture Laboratory of Gorontalo State University, using male Gapi banana flowers explants. The experiment used a randomized block design (RBD) involving two factors: 2,4-D (2ppm) and BAP (5, 10, 15 ppm). The percentage of live explants (%) was observed weekly for 30 days. Final observation included browning, The results showed that the addition of 2,4-D and BAP to the medium greatly affected the percentage of live explants. Without these substances, the explants turned brown. Fungal contamination was dominant at D0 (control) and D2 (2 ppm 2,4-D + 10 ppm BAP). The callus was white/cream to greenish in color, with a firm texture. The percentage of callus-forming explants (%) increased with the addition of BAP (5, 10 and 15ppm), significantly affecting callus formation.
Author Biography
Defy Nur Fitriani, Gorontalo State University, Gorontalo, Indonesia
References
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Philips, G, C., & Garda, M. (2019). Plant Tissue Culture Media and Practices: An Overview. In Vitro Cell.Dev.Bio.-Plant, 55, 242–257. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-019-09983-5
Project, U. (2023). Pisang Gapi sebagai Kudapan Bergizi dari Gorontalo. 31 Desember 2023. https://upland.psp.pertanian.go.id/artikel/1704249117/pisang-gapi-sebagai-kudapan-bergizi-dari-gorontalo
Putri, S. S., Susiyanti, Muztahidin, N. I., & Isminingsih, S. (2024). Callus Induction of Ciangir Passion Fruit (Passiflora sp.) Leaves at Several Concentration Levels of Growth Regulators Substance 2,4-D and BAP. Jurnal Biologi Tropis, 24(1), 168–178. https://doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v24i1.6454
Rahmadi, A., Wicaksana, N., Nurhadi, B., Suminar, E., Pakki, S. R. T., & Mubarok, S. (2021). Induksi Kalus pada Eksplan Daun Muda Tanaman Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) Klon Baru Kamajaya dengan Kombinasi Zat Pengatur Tumbuh 2,4-D dan Kinetin Secara In Vitro. Agrikultura, 31(3), 222. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v31i3.29388
Rasud, Y. (2020). Induksi Kalus secara In Vitro dari Daun Cengkeh (Syizigium aromaticum L.) dalam Media dengan Berbagai Konsentrasi Auksin (In Vitro Callus Induction from Clove (Syzigium aromaticum L.) Leaves on Medium Containing Various Auxin Concentrations). Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia (JIPI), 25(1), 67–72. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.25.1.67
Roostika, I., Supriyati, Y., & Sutanto, A. (2017). Penggunaan Aksis Jantung Pisang untuk Penyediaan Sumber Eksplan Bebas Bakteri (The Use of Floral Axis of Banana for Supplying Bacterial-free Explant Sources). Jurnal AgroBiogen, 11(3), 103–110. https://doi.org/10.21082/jbio.v11n3.2015.p103-110
Sulichantini, E, D., Nazari, A, P, D., & Nuansyah, A. (2024). Identifikasi Kontaminasi Kultur Jaringan Pisang Cavendish. Jurnal Agrotek Tropika, 12(2), 400–409.
Zhao, X., Zhuang, Y., Xie, W., Yang, Y., Pu, J., Fan, Z., Chen, Y., Lin, Y., & Lai, Z. (2025). Allelic Expression Dynamics of Regulatory Factors During Embryogenic Callus Induction in ABB Banana (Musa spp . cv . Bengal , ABB Group). Plants, 14(5), 2–26.
Ardhani, D. N., Maharijaya, A., & Rahayu, M. S. (2024). Callus formation response from immature male flower explant of plantain banana (Musa acuminata x Musa balbisiana cv. Kepok) treated by 2,4-D and BAP. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy), 52(1), 101–109. https://doi.org/10.24831/jai.v52i1.49008
Biswas, P., Kumari, A., Modi, A., Priyam, A., & Kumar, N. (2025). Callus culture-derived regeneration and molecular characterization of regenerated Stevia rebaudiana : implications for steviol glycoside production and genetic stability. Frontiers in Plant Science, 16(1566037), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2025.1566037
Cheng, L.-Q., Luo, Q.-M., Huang, H.-Y., & Zhang, A.-L. (2025). Establishment of a high-efficiency embryogenic callus-somatic embryogenesis regeneration system in the succulent plant Sinocrassula indica var. viridiflora. Scientia Horticulturae, 351(114422), 1–11. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114422
Dwiyani, R., Yuswati, H., & Utami. (2018). Induksi Kalus Eksplan Bunga Pisang Dengan 2,4 Dichlorophenoxyaceticacid (2 ,4-D). Jurnal Biologi Udayana, 22(2), 66–70. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2018.v22.i02.p03
Fitri, M, N., & Armaini. (2019). Aplikasi BAP (Benzil Amino Purin) Pada Penyambungan Mini Dipembibitan Durian (Durio zibethinus L.). JOM Faperta Universitas Riau, 6(2), 1–11.
Galib, A. P., Husain, I., Purnomo, S. H., & Dama, H. (2024). Pengaruh Ekstrak Wortel (Daucus carota L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Planlet Pisang Gapi (Musa acuminata L. ) Secara In Vitro. Jatt, 13(2), 79–90.
Handayani, T., Martanti, D., Prawestri, A, D., Tihurua, E, T., Maharijaya, A., Wahyu, Y., Sobir, & Witjaksono. (2024). Histological Analysis of Somatic Embryogenesis from Immature Zygotic Embryo of Wild Banana Musa acuminata ssp . malaccensis. Journal of Tropical Crop Science, 11(3), 307–319. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.11.03.307-319
Isda, M. N., & Salsabilla, M. J. (2022). In Vitro Callus Induction in Tacca (Tacca chantrieri Andre) Leaf Explants on Murashige and Skoog Media with Different Concentrations of Sucrose. Jurnal Biologi UNAND, 10(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.25077/jbioua.10.1.1-9.2022
Karunia, I, A., Ratnasari, E., & Dewi, S. K. (2022). Pengaruh 2,4-D terhadap Pertumbuhan Kalus Daun Diospyros discolor Willd pada Media MS secara in Vitro The Effect of 2,4-D on Callus Growth of Diospyros discolor Willd in Media MS in Vitro. Lentera Bio, 11(3), 369–377. https://journal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/lenterabio/index369
Khairan, K., Bustam, B. M., & Muhammad, S. (2021). Pengaruh Komposisi 2,4-D dan BAP Terhadap Pembentukan Kalus Eksplan Pucuk Nilam (Pogostemon Cablin Benth.) secara In Vitro dengan Pemotongan Horizontal dan Vertikal. BIOTROPIC The Journal of Tropical Biology, 5(1), 8–20.
Latunra, A. I., MasniawatiA, T, Aspianti, W., & Tuwo, M. (2017). Induksi Kalus Pisang Barangan Merah Musa acuminata Colla dengan Kombinasi Hormon 2 , 4-D dan Bap Secara In Vitro. Jurnal Ilmu Alam Dan Lingkungan, 8(15), 53–61. https://doi.org/10.20956/jal.v8i1.3925
Mahadi, I., Syafi’i, W., & Sari, Y. (2016). Callus Induction of Calamansi (Citrus microcarpa) Using 2,4-D and BAP Hormones by in vitro Methods. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 21(2), 84–89. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.21.2.84
Othmani, A., Sellemi, A., Jemni, M., Kadri, K., Leus, L., & Werbrouck, S. P. O. (2024). In Vitro Initiation , Regeneration , and Characterization of Plants Derived from Mature Tetraploid Floral Explants of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Horticulturae, 10(11), 2–11.
Philips, G, C., & Garda, M. (2019). Plant Tissue Culture Media and Practices: An Overview. In Vitro Cell.Dev.Bio.-Plant, 55, 242–257. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-019-09983-5
Project, U. (2023). Pisang Gapi sebagai Kudapan Bergizi dari Gorontalo. 31 Desember 2023. https://upland.psp.pertanian.go.id/artikel/1704249117/pisang-gapi-sebagai-kudapan-bergizi-dari-gorontalo
Putri, S. S., Susiyanti, Muztahidin, N. I., & Isminingsih, S. (2024). Callus Induction of Ciangir Passion Fruit (Passiflora sp.) Leaves at Several Concentration Levels of Growth Regulators Substance 2,4-D and BAP. Jurnal Biologi Tropis, 24(1), 168–178. https://doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v24i1.6454
Rahmadi, A., Wicaksana, N., Nurhadi, B., Suminar, E., Pakki, S. R. T., & Mubarok, S. (2021). Induksi Kalus pada Eksplan Daun Muda Tanaman Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) Klon Baru Kamajaya dengan Kombinasi Zat Pengatur Tumbuh 2,4-D dan Kinetin Secara In Vitro. Agrikultura, 31(3), 222. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v31i3.29388
Rasud, Y. (2020). Induksi Kalus secara In Vitro dari Daun Cengkeh (Syizigium aromaticum L.) dalam Media dengan Berbagai Konsentrasi Auksin (In Vitro Callus Induction from Clove (Syzigium aromaticum L.) Leaves on Medium Containing Various Auxin Concentrations). Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia (JIPI), 25(1), 67–72. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.25.1.67
Roostika, I., Supriyati, Y., & Sutanto, A. (2017). Penggunaan Aksis Jantung Pisang untuk Penyediaan Sumber Eksplan Bebas Bakteri (The Use of Floral Axis of Banana for Supplying Bacterial-free Explant Sources). Jurnal AgroBiogen, 11(3), 103–110. https://doi.org/10.21082/jbio.v11n3.2015.p103-110
Sulichantini, E, D., Nazari, A, P, D., & Nuansyah, A. (2024). Identifikasi Kontaminasi Kultur Jaringan Pisang Cavendish. Jurnal Agrotek Tropika, 12(2), 400–409.
Zhao, X., Zhuang, Y., Xie, W., Yang, Y., Pu, J., Fan, Z., Chen, Y., Lin, Y., & Lai, Z. (2025). Allelic Expression Dynamics of Regulatory Factors During Embryogenic Callus Induction in ABB Banana (Musa spp . cv . Bengal , ABB Group). Plants, 14(5), 2–26.
Published
2025-12-10
How to Cite
Nur Fitriani, D., Indriati Husain, & Sutrisno Hadi Purnomo. (2025). Induction Of In Plantain (Musa acuminata L.) Using The Growth Regulators 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic & BAP (Benzyl Amino Purin). International Journal of Technology and Education Research, 3(04), 750-760. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijeter.v3i04.2608
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